Health

Montana Advocates Worry About Federal Impacts on Support for Students With Disabilities

Published

2 months ago

September 26, 2025

Kaiser Health News

By Alex Sakariassen

Tucker Jette lives for gaming, but like so many other recent high school graduates, he’s had to come to terms with the reality that he can’t make a living playing video games. And while he may not know yet exactly what he wants to do for a living, said Jette’s mother, Jessie Sather, he does know that earning money for a new computer to support his hobby is one of his top priorities as an 18-year-old preparing to step out on his own.

How Jette can independently support such aspirations as an adult is something Sather and her son have been discussing for years, alongside a team of educators from his public high school in Anaconda, Montana. Jette experienced significant speech and motor delays early in life, Sather said, and he has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. He’s among the estimated 15% of public school students nationwide who depend on special education services through the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act — services that include programs to chart the transition from school to adulthood.

“Once Tucker learns how to do a job or learns a process, he’s very successful at doing that. It’s the initial learning phase for him and the expectations that are difficult,” said Sather, a former school-based physical therapist who spent 16 years working with students supported under IDEA. “Without that initial support, he probably would not be successful.”

In August, a federal judge in Montana approved a settlement between the state’s education agency and disability rights advocates that will enable eligible Montana students to continue receiving special education services through age 22. Despite existing legal precedent and recent attempts at a legislative fix, Montana remained one of the last states where local school districts could disenroll students with special needs after age 18. Now students are guaranteed an additional four years of public school eligibility and, by extension, access to school-based services that have helped recent graduates like Jette move toward independence.

Heidi Gibson, executive director of the federally funded Montana Empowerment Center, said it’s critical to do as much as possible for students with special needs before they leave the public school system.

“Early childhood, there are a lot of resources,” Gibson said. “But once transition hits, they fall off a cliff for services. Anything we can do to make that path a little bit easier, we’re going to have better outcomes for more successful adults.”

Demand for employment assistance services for people with disabilities has grown threefold since 2020, according to the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services. Approximately 4,000 people in the state are enrolled in the federally backed Vocational Rehabilitation and Blind Services program, which helps students with disabilities transition from school to the workforce and provides job coaching and training for people of any age with disabilities. An additional 3,000 public school students are enrolled in a separate program, Pre-Employment Transition Services, that serves as an on-ramp to vocational rehabilitation.

In July, a month before the court ruling that ensured services for young adults up to 22, the department began placing vocational rehabilitation applicants on a waitlist, while prioritizing services for those with the most severe disabilities. As of early September, nearly 260 people were on the list.

Now, parents, school administrators, and disability rights advocates worry the booming demand for services is on a crash course with grant and workforce cuts by the U.S. Education Department, which provides funding to states for such transition services. And they are attempting to rally the public to protect those programs.

In March, President Donald Trump signed an executive order directing Education Secretary Linda McMahon to “facilitate the closure” of her department. Since then, the Education Department has laid off roughly half of its staff, held up billions in funds for K-12 schools through much of the summer, and canceled grants designed to aid schools in hiring mental health workers.

Denise Stile Marshall, CEO of the Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates, a national civil and legal defense organization for children with disabilities, said those cuts have introduced chaos and uncertainty into special education programming. But, she said, the current landscape does not diminish the legal rights of students with disabilities and their families.

“The laws remain strong, they remain in place, and we are urging everyone to contact their senators, their congressmen and women, their local officials, whoever, to hold that strong so we do not see — nor will we accept — a retreat from those rights,” Marshall said.

Montana’s state education agency, the Office of Public Instruction, has seen “minimal impacts, if any,” from federal spending and workforce cuts on transition supports for students with special needs, according to spokesperson McKenna Gregg. Agency officials announced in May that federal IDEA allocations for Montana this year were on par with 2024, when the state received roughly $46 million in IDEA funding.

Chad Berg, special education director for one of the state’s larger public school districts, in Bozeman, said federal IDEA funding levels appear to be stable for now, but he said the gradual dismantling of the Education Department presents longer-term questions.

“It raises concerns that the expertise that’s been involved at the federal level that provides support to states in implementing this may no longer be there,” Berg said. “We’ve not seen anything directly at this point. It’s more about the uncertainty of what could come.”

When the Montana Legislature met earlier this year, advocates for individuals with disabilities rallied inside the Capitol in Helena, urging lawmakers to help safeguard the basic services many citizens rely on for their independence.

Tal Goldin is director of advocacy at Disability Rights Montana, the nonprofit that sued the state seeking the continuation of special education services until age 22. He said federal budget talks have included proposals to cut funding for independent living centers and university-based assistance programs, threatening to erode a system critical to the lives of 7.5 million American children.

“What IDEA did is create the one place in the life of a person with a disability where all of these services are mandated to come together under one roof,” Goldin said. “That doesn’t happen anywhere in the adult system.”

Sather is thankful that, for the time being, her son’s access to transition services hasn’t been interrupted. Even so, she said, the uncertainty around federal support for students with disabilities is “exceptionally scary.” She’s not alone in her concern.

In the small central Montana town of Simms, Laurie Frank has struggled to find adequate services for her seven adopted children, including her 19-year-old daughter, Angel, who has Down syndrome and autism. Angel is caring, social, and “loves to help people,” Frank said, and her high school provides her with some specialized support.

But Frank is also aware of how limited those services often are — a reality she’s lived not just as a parent but as a former special education teacher and family support specialist. Any potential for further destabilization, Frank added, “scares the heck out of me.”

“I just really hope and pray that people on the state and federal level will really stop and think about what’s in the best interest of these kids and how we can help them be successful,” Frank said. “Sometimes I feel like some of them fall through the cracks, and people don’t think about the fact that they have needs and wants and they want to have success, too.”

KFF Health News is a national newsroom that produces in-depth journalism about health issues and is one of the core operating programs at KFF—an independent source of health policy research, polling, and journalism. Learn more about KFF.

USE OUR CONTENT

This story can be republished for free (details).

Subscribe to KFF Health News’ free Morning Briefing.

This article first appeared on KFF Health News and is republished here under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

—

Previously Published on kffhealthnews.org

***

If you believe in the work we are doing here at The Good Men Project, please join us as a Premium Member today.

All Premium Members get to view The Good Men Project with NO ADS.

Need more info? A complete list of benefits is here.

On Substack? Connect with us there.
—

Photo credit: unsplash

Source link

Up Next

Food Security Is Health Security: Tackling Type 2 Diabetes in Indigenous Communities

Don't Miss

Can Inflammation Actually Protect Aging Brains Against Decline?

Click to comment

Health

New Pee Test Could Identify Prostate Cancer

Published

2 months ago

October 4, 2025

Futurity

By Johns Hopkins University

This new approach could significantly reduce the need for invasive, often painful biopsies.

By analyzing urine samples from prostate cancer patients before and after prostate-removal surgery, as well as samples from healthy individuals, researchers identified a panel of three biomarkers—TTC3, H4C5, and EPCAM—that robustly detected the presence of prostate cancer.

These biomarkers were detectable in patients prior to surgery but were nearly absent post-surgery, confirming that they originated in prostate tissue.

The results appear in eBioMedicine.

Prostate cancer, one of the leading causes of death in men in the United States, is typically detected by blood tests to measure PSA, a protein produced by cancerous and noncancerous tissue in the prostate. In most men, a PSA level above 4.0 nanograms per milliliter is considered abnormal and may result in a recommendation for prostate biopsy, in which multiple samples of tissue are collected through small needles.

However, the PSA test is not very specific, meaning prostate biopsies are often needed to confirm a cancer diagnosis, says senior study author Ranjan Perera, director of the Center for RNA Biology at Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida, and a professor of oncology and neurosurgery at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. In many cases, these biopsies are negative and can result in unintended complications, Perera says. PSA tests also can lead to unnecessary treatment for very low-grade prostate cancers that are very unlikely to grow and spread over a short period of time.

“This new biomarker panel offers a promising, sensitive, and specific, noninvasive diagnostic test for prostate cancer,” Perera says.

“It has the potential to accurately detect prostate cancer, reduce unnecessary biopsies, improve diagnostic accuracy in PSA-negative patients, and serve as the foundation for both laboratory-developed and in vitro diagnostic assays.”

The panel was found to be able to detect prostate cancer even when PSA was in the normal range and could distinguish prostate cancer from conditions like prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate) and an enlarged prostate, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

“There is a real need for non-PSA-based biomarkers for prostate cancer, and urine is quite easy to collect in the clinic,” says study coauthor Christian Pavlovich, a professor of urologic oncology at Johns Hopkins and program director for the Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Program.

“Most urologists feel that an accurate urinary biomarker would be a valuable addition to our current diagnostic armamentarium.”

During the study, investigators studied biomarkers in urine samples from healthy individuals as well as from patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer undergoing prostate-removal surgeries at Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, or AdventHealth Global Robotics Institute in Celebration, Florida.

They studied 341 urine specimens (107 from healthy individuals, 136 from patients with prostate cancer before surgery, and 98 after surgery) during the development of their urine test and an additional 1,055 specimens (162 from healthy individuals, 484 from patients with prostate cancer before surgery, and 409 after surgery) to validate the test.

During the performance evaluation phase of testing, the scientists also studied samples from patients with BPH or prostatitis, and healthy controls, from Johns Hopkins Hospital from 2022 to 2025.

Investigators extracted RNA from prostate cells shed in 50-ml urine samples and analyzed them using RNA sequencing and also real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to study gene expression. They also used immunohistochemistry to study biomarkers in samples from cancerous prostate tissue and healthy adjacent tissue, and statistical analyses to compare biomarkers found in the urine and tissue samples.

From an initial 815 prostate-specific genes identified in urine from men with prostate cancers, the investigators prioritized the top 50 genes, then the top nine, and from there selected the three top performers—TTC3, H4C5, and EPCAM—for further analysis.

Overall, expression levels of the three biomarkers were significantly higher in urine samples from individuals with prostate cancers than in urine from the healthy controls. The expression of each biomarker diminished to low or undetectable levels in samples taken after surgery. A greater proportion of patients with prostate cancer tested positive for the three biomarkers than for PCA3, another biomarker associated with prostate cancers, in both the development study and the validation study.

“This test has the potential to help physicians improve diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer, reducing unnecessary interventions while allowing early treatment for those who need it,” says study coauthor Vipul Patel, director of urologic oncology at AdventHealth Cancer Institute in Celebration, Florida. Patel also is medical director of global robotics for AdventHealth’s Global Robotics Institute, and founder of the International Prostate Cancer Foundation.

“On behalf of physicians and patient globally, I advocate for further study and progress for these biomarkers.”

Investigators are considering how the biomarker panel could be used alone or combined with a PSA test to make a “super PSA,” Perera says. The next steps for the research are to have an independent trial of the test at another institution and to further develop the test for laboratory use in clinical settings, he says. The investigators have filed a patent, and Johns Hopkins Technology Ventures is helping the team to spin off a company.

Additional coauthors are from Johns Hopkins; Charles University in Prague; the University of Kansas; Orlando Health Medical Group Urology-Winter Park in Orlando, Florida; and AdventHealth Cancer Institute.

Support for the work came from the International Prostate Cancer Foundation, the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, the Bankhead-Coley Cancer Research Program to Perera, and by the Maryland Innovation Initiative Grant to Pavlovich and Perera.

Bettegowda is a consultant for Haystack Oncology, Privo Technologies, and Bionaut Labs. He is a cofounder of OrisDx and Belay Diagnostics.

Source: Johns Hopkins University

Original Study DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105895

—

Previously Published on futurity.org with Creative Commons License

***

–

The world is changing fast. We help you keep up.

We’ll send you 1 post, 3x per week.

Join The Good Men Project as a Premium Member today.

All Premium Members get to view The Good Men Project with NO ADS. Need more info? A complete list of benefits is here.

—

Photo credit: iStock

Source link

Health

How Breath Affects Your Metabolism, Digestion, and Sleep

Published

2 months ago

October 4, 2025

Brian Comly

By Niraj Naik.

Breathing is often thought of as a simple, automatic act, but its impact extends far beyond the exchange of oxygen. The way we breathe directly influences how our body processes food, produces energy, and even rests at night. By understanding how breath affects digestion, metabolism, and sleep, we can tap into a natural, non-invasive method of supporting health.

Modern research is increasingly exploring the impact of intentional breathing techniques on gut health, metabolic balance, and sleep.

The Science of Breathing and the Nervous System

Breathing acts as a primary regulator of the autonomic nervous system, which governs involuntary functions such as heart rate, hormone release, and gastrointestinal motility. Shallow, rapid breathing typically activates the sympathetic “fight-or-flight” state, while slow diaphragmatic breathing stimulates the parasympathetic “rest-and-digest” mode. This is why breathwork and the nervous system are inseparably linked: breathing patterns signal whether the body should prioritize energy conservation, digestion, or alertness.

Emerging studies show that science-backed breath training can improve vagus nerve activity, reduce stress hormones like cortisol, and optimize gastrointestinal motility¹. This connection forms the foundation of why breathwork for metabolism, digestion, and sleep is increasingly being studied in clinical contexts.

Breath as a Metabolic Regulator

Metabolism depends on efficient oxygen delivery to cells for ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate, a molecule that serves as the primary energy carrier in cells) production, the energy currency of the body. If breathing is shallow or inefficient, oxygen supply decreases, shifting energy production toward less efficient anaerobic pathways. This leads to quicker fatigue, impaired fat utilization, and sluggish energy output.

Practicing breathing exercises for metabolism enhances diaphragmatic engagement, increasing oxygen saturation and improving the body’s ability to metabolize fat for fuel. For individuals trying to sustain a consistent gym routine, combining physical training with breathwork for metabolism supports endurance and recovery by ensuring cells are well-oxygenated.

Clinical research indicates that slow-paced, deep breathing helps regulate blood glucose and improves metabolic efficiency 2. By practicing daily breathwork for metabolism, people may complement their nutrition and fitness programs, creating a minimalist routine for better health that leverages both movement and controlled breath.

Diaphragmatic Breathing & Digestive Flow

The digestive process is strongly tied to the parasympathetic nervous system. Stress or anxiety often causes shallow breathing, which impairs gastric secretions and gut motility. This explains how breath affects digestion so profoundly: relaxed breathing enhances vagal tone, improving peristalsis and nutrient absorption.

Early studies and clinical observations suggest that practicing breathwork for digestion may reduce bloating, improve bowel regularity, and support digestive enzyme activity 3. Techniques such as diaphragmatic breathing increase abdominal pressure, gently massaging internal organs, and supporting blood flow to the digestive tract.

For individuals struggling with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or stress-related gut issues, breathwork and the nervous system play an essential role in symptom management. Incorporating even five minutes of breathwork for digestion daily can significantly improve comfort and meal satisfaction.

How Breath Regulates Sleep

Poor breathing patterns are linked to insomnia, sleep apnea, and restless sleep cycles. Shallow breathing stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, keeping the body in a heightened state of alertness 4 . By contrast, deep nasal breathing supports relaxation and may indirectly influence sleep-promoting hormones and circadian readiness.

Techniques such as the 4-7-8 method, diaphragmatic breathing, or slow alternate nostril breathing have been validated as effective methods of breathing for better sleep. Practicing breathing exercises for metabolism during the day indirectly aids nighttime rest, as better oxygen use reduces cortisol levels and balances circadian rhythms.

Patients with sleep apnea demonstrate disrupted oxygen flow, highlighting how disordered breathing disrupts restorative rest cycles. By adopting breathing for better sleep strategies, individuals can improve both sleep onset and depth, making breathwork a cost-free complement to sleep hygiene practices. However, while breathwork may improve sleep quality in some individuals, clinical conditions such as sleep apnea require medical evaluation and treatment.

Integrating Breathwork Into Daily Life

Breathwork is most effective when woven into daily habits. For example:

Before meals: Practice 5 minutes of breathwork for digestion to prime the gut.
During workouts: Use diaphragmatic breathing to enhance oxygen efficiency and support breathwork for metabolism.
At night: End the day with breathing for better sleep to prepare the body for deep rest. Such integration creates sustainable benefits without requiring drastic lifestyle changes.

Whether one follows a structured training program or a minimalist routine for better health, the key is consistency.

Frequently Asked Questions on Breathwork

1. Can breathwork really improve my metabolism?

Evidence suggests that breathwork for metabolism can improve oxygen efficiency and cellular energy production. This may enhance fat utilization, exercise endurance, and recovery, especially when combined with a consistent fitness routine.

2. How does breathwork help digestion?

Practicing breathwork for digestion stimulates the vagus nerve, improves peristalsis, and reduces stress-related bloating. This explains how breath affects digestion directly and why relaxation-based breathing supports nutrient absorption.

3. What are the best techniques for sleep?

The most effective breathing techniques for better sleep include slow diaphragmatic breathing and the 4-7-8 method. These approaches lower heart rate, reduce cortisol, and promote relaxation before bed.

From Energy to Sleep: The Power of Intentional Breathing

Breathing may seem automatic, but the way we control it influences energy, digestion, and rest. Breathwork and the nervous system create pathways that impact everything from gut motility to mitochondrial efficiency. By incorporating breathwork for metabolism, breathwork for digestion, and breathing for better sleep into daily routines, individuals can unlock powerful improvements in overall health.

For those seeking practical and lasting results, the path does not require complex tools or expensive therapies. Instead, a minimalist routine for better health anchored in mindful breathing can provide profound, science-supported benefits.

References

1. Gerritsen, R. J. S., & Band, G. P. H. (2018). Breath of life: The respiratory vagal

stimulation model of contemplative activity. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 12, 397.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00397

2. Obaya, H. E., Abdeen, H. A., Salem, A. A., Shehata, M. A., Aldhahi, M. I., Muka, T.,

Marques-Sule, E., Taha, M. M., Gaber, M., & Atef, H. (2023). Effect of aerobic exercise,

slow deep breathing and mindfulness meditation on cortisol and glucose levels in

women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in

Physiology, 14, 1186546. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1186546

3. Liu J, Lv C, Wang W, Huang Y, Wang B, Tian J, Sun C, Yu Y. Slow, deep breathing

intervention improved symptoms and altered rectal sensitivity in patients with

constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Front Neurosci. 2022 Nov

4;16:1034547. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1034547. PMID: 36408402; PMCID:

PMC9673479.

4. Cowie, M. R., Linz, D., Redline, S., & et al. (2021). Sleep disordered breathing and

cardiovascular disease: JACC state-of-the-art review. Journal of the American College

of Cardiology, 78(6), 608–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.05.048

—

This post was previously published on Mind Body Dad.

***

If you believe in the work we are doing here at The Good Men Project, please join us as a Premium Member today.

All Premium Members get to view The Good Men Project with NO ADS.

Need more info? A complete list of benefits is here.

Photo credit: iStock

Source link

Health

The Hidden Biology of Addiction and Cancer

Published

2 months ago

October 4, 2025

Jed Diamond Ph.D

I have worked in the healthcare field for more than fifty years. I began my career working in addiction medicine. After working with men and women suffering from addictions to drugs like alcohol, heroin, and cocaine, I began to realize that addiction is not just about drugs.

We know that people can have addictive relationships with food, work, and even sex and love. In my book, Looking for Love in All the Wrong Places: Overcoming Romantic and Sexual Addictions, I say,

When we find that our romantic relationships are a series of disappointments yet continue to pursue them, we are looking for love in all the wrong places. When we are overwhelmed by our physical attraction to a new person, when the chemistry feels fantastic, and we are sure that this time we have found someone who will make us whole, we are looking for love in all the wrong places.

In the book, I also quoted Dr. Stanton Peele, an authority on addiction who reminds us,

Many of us are addicts, only we don’t know it. We turn to each other out of the same needs that drive some people to drink and others to heroin. Interpersonal addiction — love addiction — is just about the most common yet least recognized form of addiction we know.

Now Dr. Raphael Cuomo has extended our understanding of addiction even further. In his book, Crave: The Hidden Biology of Addiction and Cancer, he says,

We live in a society saturated with addiction, but not just the kind that ends in emergency rooms or interventions. This is not only about heroin, meth, or alcohol. It is about the relentless cycle of stimulation and reward that defines ordinary life. Binge eating. Compulsive phone checking. Nightly glasses of wine. Doomscrolling. Sugar, caffeine, porn, social media validation, and manufactured outrage.

I had the opportunity to interview Dr. Cuomo. I asked him questions that I thought my readers would be most interested in learning about including the following:

What first got you interested in the cancer connection and why is this connection both hidden and important?

If you were talking to a group of guys, what are some of the things you would say to them about how the book could help them?

Tell us in what ways food is a drug and what do we need to know to keep from becoming hooked?

What is “Digital Dopamine” and why is it a hidden public health problem?

You can watch my full interview with Dr. Cuomo here.

Most of has have concerns about cancer, know someone who has been diagnosed with cancer, or have fears that we ignore or obsess about. Dr. Cuomo offers a new perspective I found very helpful. He says,

We often think of cancer as a genetic accident. A cell mutates, begins to divide uncontrollably, and escapes detection. The story is partially true. But it omits the most important questions:
What makes the body permissive to that escape?
Advertisement

Why does the immune system, which identifies and eliminates abnormal cells every day, begin to miss its targets?
Why do repair systems fail to correct damaged DNA?
Why does cellular growth shift from regulated to rebellious?

In ten, information-packed chapters, Dr. Cuomo answers these and many more questions that can help us understand the biology of addiction and cancer:

Molecular Scars
The Addicted Society
Craving is Chemical
Inflammation Nation
Food as a Drug
Digital Dopamine
Nicotine, Alcohol, and the Usual Suspects?
Beyond the Individual
Biology Can Change
The New Prevention

In his concluding chapter, Dr. Cuomo says,

Prevention, as commonly understood, has struggled to match the evolving reality of cancer. Cancer involves more than external exposure. It arises from internal conditions. Disease takes hold when the body’s environment shifts toward permissiveness, inflammation becomes persistent, immune surveillance weakens, insulin signaling grows erratic, and repair mechanisms fall behind damage. These issues arise collectively, resulting from behavioral, emotional, and structural patterns repeated consistently over time.

For more information about Dr. Cuomo and his work, you can visit him here: https://raphaelcuomo.com/

You can watch my interview with Dr. Cuomo here: https://youtu.be/GLuHclBPH4U

—

This post was previously published on Menalive.com.

—